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Input Text PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT ection 2: Plan cities for people Key messages: • Despite significant global progress, lack of access to safe and sustainable water and sanitation continues to pose an urgent challenge for cities. • Cities can be designed and managed in ways that enable healthier behaviour and achieve better health outcomes. • Urban transport can be transformed to be healthier, safer and more sustainable. • Targeted housing interventions, greater use of clean energy and improved affordability can help tackle the global challenge of healthy and sustainable urban housing. As the populations of cities around the world have surged in recent decades, this demographic change has challenged cities and their leaders to adjust to the new reality of ever-growing urban populations. Their cities would have to grow in order to accommodate more people – either with denser housing and workspaces or by stretching the boundaries of cities. Cities need to plan for these growing populations to live their lives and contribute to the city. Doing so would entail planning for residential areas and transportation to get people to and from work and other daily needs. It requires planning for water provision, energy and other basic services provision such as education, health and safety. Many cities simply grew too quickly, outpacing their capacity to cope with planning and resources. They are often challenged by the proliferation of informal settlements, substandard housing, inaccessible basic needs and undrinkable water class="SDG6_1, entity" title="SDG6_1">water class="SDG6_1, entity" title="SDG6_1">water class="SDG6_1, entity" title="SDG6_1">water, among many other challenges for urban inhabitants. There has been large-scale development of urban slums, where hundreds of millions still live. Twice as many people are projected to live under these conditions by 2050, unless there is fundamental change in the way cities absorb growing populations. The effects of living under these conditions on residents’ health are powerful. As discussed earlier in this report, people living under these conditions often have significantly worse health outcomes, sometimes even worse than their rural counterparts who have no access to the benefits of the city at all. In many other places, while cities have managed to keep pace, too often the focus has prioritized economic vitality, and not the people themselves. They present familiar scenes of urban sprawl, traffic-clogged streets and polluted air. Even in the most prosperous cities, neighbourhoods are deprived of green spaces. Many are burdened with longer commute times or inaccessible or unusable mass transportation, among other forms of intra-city inequality in planning and resources. Residents of such cities or neighbourhoods may struggle with ncds, the result of one or more environmental factors such as exposure to pollution or insufficient physical activity. The ways that cities are planned can PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT PASTE TEXT

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